El pensamiento computacional y su integración en el currículotendencias, desafíos y prácticas. Un estudio Delphi

Zusammenfassung

Computational Thinking (CT) emerged 40 years ago as a necessary skill for interaction with the first computers used in educational contexts and, at present, it is articulated as a basic digital competence that is desired to be incorporated into official curricula in educational systems around the world. The aim of this Doctoral Thesis, therefore, is to identify and assess the future of the PC in educational practice. To this end, two scientific studies are carried out: a Systematic Literature Review of the last five years of 145 articles, following the PRISMA protocol, and a Prospective Delphi Study, with an international panel of experts of 35 members. The results obtained include a current conceptual framework for CP, an analysis of the inclusion of CP in the curriculum and the initiatives that promote it, how CP is used in educational practice, what teacher training in CP should be like, what educational resources can be used to develop CP and what is the outlook for CP. Finally, a "theoretical framework" for the development of CP (processes, relationships and skills), guidelines for the inclusion of CP in teacher training and a catalogue of 156 resources for the initiation, development and evaluation of CP are presented.